Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 Ultrasonic HC-SR04 Module The HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Module operates on the principles of SONAR and RADAR systems. This module combines an ultrasonic transmitter, receiver, and control circuit on a single board. It has four pins: Vcc, Gnd, Trig, and Echo. When a pulse of 10µs or longer is applied to the Trig pin, …
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Overview of Xbee XBee radios are based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which defines the operation of low-rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). These radios are designed for various communication topologies, including point-to-point and star configurations, and facilitate wireless communication over the air. Key features of XBee radios include: As a result, XBee radios are …
Overview of Bluetooth The HC-05 is a Bluetooth module used for wireless communication, operating through serial communication (USART). It is a 6-pin module and can function in two modes: data mode and command mode. The module operates on either 5V or 3.3V and includes an onboard 5V to 3.3V regulator. Since the HC-05 uses 3.3V …
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PIC Microcontrollers PIC microcontrollers, produced by Microchip, come in 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit versions. The 8-bit PIC microcontrollers are organized into several distinct families, including: Features Baseline Mid-Range Enhanced Mid-Range Advanced PIC18 Families PIC10, PIC12, PIC16 PIC10, PIC12 PIC12Fxxx,PIC16Fxxx PIC12Fxxx,PIC16Fxxx Program Memory Max 3 KB Max 14 KB Max …
Overview of Servo Motor A servo motor is an electrical device designed for precise control of angular movement. It is commonly used in applications requiring accurate motion control, such as operating a robotic arm. The rotation angle of a servo motor is controlled by applying a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal. By adjusting the width …
Understanding the Difference Between UART and USART Introduction What is UART? What is USART? Modes of Operation: Data Format: Key Differences Between UART and USART Clock Requirement: Data Synchronization: Speed and Reliability: When to Use UART vs. USART? Common Applications of UART and USART in Microcontrollers Example Code for UART and USART Setup Pros and …
Overview of Stepper Motor A stepper motor is a type of brushless DC motor that divides a full 360° rotation into a set number of equal steps. The motor rotates by receiving a specific sequence of control signals, which precisely moves it step-by-step. The rotation speed can be adjusted by varying the frequency of these …
Overview of DC Motor DC Motor A DC motor converts electrical energy, supplied as Direct Current (DC), into mechanical energy, producing rotational motion in the motor shaft. The speed of a DC motor can be controlled by varying the DC voltage applied, while the direction of rotation can be changed by reversing the current flow …
Overview of Micro SD Card Secure Digital (SD) is a non-volatile memory card format created by the SD Card Association (SDA) for use in portable devices like mobile phones and cameras. The SD format includes four card types: SD cards are available in various sizes: In this interface, we will use the micro SD card. …
Introduction to 8051 Microcontroller Interrupts An interrupt is an event that disrupts the regular flow of execution, similar to receiving a call while engaged in a task. Based on its priority, you may choose to attend to or ignore it. In microcontrollers, the 8051 architecture manages five interrupt sources: two are internal (timer interrupts), two …
